Gulf Fritillary Butterfly

The Gulf fritillary, scientifically known as Agraulis vanillae, adds vibrancy to the southern United States’ landscape. This medium-sized butterfly thrives in a variety of sunlight situations, from roadsides to open forests, and is commonly found in fields, pastures, yards, and parks.

The Gulf fritillary has elongated forewings and females are typically larger than males. Sexual dimorphism is evident in the spectacular display of bright orange wings covered with distinctive black markings, with females appearing slightly darker and more intricately patterned. Notably, the forewing cell has three prominent black-rimmed white dots, which adds to its appeal. A rich brown color on the underside of the wings contrasts with elongated silvery-white dots, adding to their beauty.

Gulf fritillaries migrate annually, with unique seasonal movements. During the spring, adults migrate northward, forming transient breeding colonies throughout the southeast. While some individuals may journey into the central United States, sightings in the Midwest are uncommon. As late summer turns to October, a spectacular event occurs as large numbers of adults travel southward, converging on peninsular Florida. They seek sanctuary in frost-free areas to overwinter, ensuring the survival of their species.