Scientific Name
Dryas iulia
Average Life Span
Two weeks to a month.
Wingspan
3 1/4 - 3 5/8 inches (8.2 - 9.2 cm)
The Julia butterfly, also known as the Julia heliconian and Flambeau (the flame), is distinct from its Heliconinae subfamily counterparts and belongs to the Heliconini tribe. This tribe, usually known as longwings, includes significant species such as Florida’s state butterfly, the Zebra longwing, which belongs to the Nymphalidae or brush-footed family of butterflies. Notably, Julia’s legs are studded with small bristles resembling a toothbrush.
The Julia butterfly is easily identified by its elongated orange wings and has an astonishing wingspan of up to 9.2 cm. While females often have a more subdued orange tint than males, both genders share distinguishing traits like as a black bar on the forewing near its tip, which is more noticeable in males with a spotted pattern. Additionally, both sexes have a narrow black border down the hindwing. Interestingly, the Julia’s front legs are frequently covered, giving the impression of having only four legs.
Classification
Family: Nymphalidae
Subfamily: Heliconinae
Tribe: Heliconini
Genus: Dryas
Species: D. Iulia
NATIVE RANGE
Host Plants
Like their Zebra longwing relative, Julia relies on Passiflora species as a host plant, particularly Corkystem passionflower (Passiflora suberosa), Yellow passionflower (P. lutea), Passiflora affinis (Bracted passionflower), and Whiteflower passionflower (Passiflora subpeltata).
NECTAR PLANTS
Julia butterflies feed on Pineland lantana (Lantana depressa), Buttonsage (Lantana involucrata), Dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), and Beggarticks/Shepherd’s Needles (Bidens alba). Engaging in a behavior known as “traplining,” they methodically visit these food sources in a systematic, repeating sequence, following a predetermined itinerary with consistency.
Female Julia butterflies eat dissolved pollen in addition to nectar, whilst males mud-puddle in groups. Interestingly, adult Julias eat on the fluids found around the eyes of yellow-throated caimans and turtles.
Eggs
The Julia eggs are yellow, elongate, laid singly on new growth on the host plant leaves.
Note: The image above is of Zebra longwing eggs, however the Julia eggs are similar in appearance.
Caterpillar
Julia caterpillars are brown with white spots and numerous black branched spines.
Image Credit: Adam Skowronski (CC BY-ND 2.0)
Chrysalis
The Julia chrysalis is brown with silver markings.
Image Credit: Diego Delso (CC BY-SA)